Secondary Groups- Meaning, Definition, Characteristics and Importance
A secondary group is impersonal and goal oriented and for only limited parts of their personalities.
For example, a shopkeeper-customer relation, a doctor-patient relation, an advocate-client relation and teacher-student relation and so on are the instances of secondary group.
# Definition of Secondary Groups
1. According to Charles Horton Cooley:- "A group that is characterized by impersonal, indirect, and often formal relationships, lacking the intimacy and emotional depth of primary groups."
2. According to George Herbert Mead:- "A group that is formed for a specific purpose or goal, where individuals interact on the basis of shared interests or tasks."
3. According to Emile Durkheim:- "A group that is characterized by organic solidarity, where individuals are united by shared interests and interdependence."
4. According to Max Weber:- "A group that is based on rational ties, where individuals are united by shared goals and interests."
5. According to Talcott Parsons:- "A group that serves as a secondary source of socialization and identity formation for individuals."
6. According to Robert K. Merton:- "A group that provides a sense of affiliation and belonging, but lacks the emotional intensity and personal relationships of primary groups."
# Characteristics of Secondary Groups
1. Larger size:- Secondary groups are larger in size. More than 20-30 people in secondary group.
2. Less personal relationships:- Members may not know each other well.
3. Limited interaction:- Members may interact less frequently or in a formal setting.
4. Formal structure:- Secondary groups often have a formal leadership or organization.
5. Less emotional support:- Members may not provide emotional support or empathy.
6. More formal communication:- Communication is often formal or official.
7. Goal-oriented:- Secondary groups focus on achieving a specific goal or objective.
8. Formal roles:- Members often have formal roles or positions within the group.
9. Temporary:- Secondary groups may be temporary or have a limited lifespan.
10. Less intimacy:- Secondary groups typically lack the intimacy and closeness of primary groups.
# Importance of Secondary Groups
1. Secondary groups provide opportunities for socialization, networking, and community building.
2. Secondary groups offer a sense of belonging and identity beyond primary groups.
3. Secondary groups facilitate personal growth, learning, and skill development.
4. Secondary groups support social mobility, career advancement, and economic opportunities.
5. Secondary groups promote social cohesion, integration, and cultural exchange.
6. Secondary groups provide a platform for social support, mutual aid, and collective action.
7. Secondary groups influence attitudes, behaviors, and social norms.
8. Secondary groups foster teamwork, collaboration, and collective problem-solving.
9. Secondary groups offer a sense of purpose, meaning, and fulfillment.
10. Secondary groups contribute to social diversity, complexity, and dynamic change.
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